You do not need a special camera to take a good Moon photo. Holding a phone camera to the eyepiece - called afocal photography - works with almost any telescope.
What you need
- Your telescope, focused on the Moon with a low or medium eyepiece (25 mm or 10 mm).
- A phone. A phone adapter that clamps the phone to the eyepiece makes it far easier, but you can start by hand.
Steps
- Focus the telescope by eye on the Moon first.
- Line up the phone lens with the centre of the eyepiece, close to it. Move slowly until the bright circle fills the screen.
- Tap the Moon on the screen to focus, then lower the exposure (drag the brightness slider down) until craters appear instead of a white blob.
- Use zoom lightly (1x-2x) to fill the frame; more zoom just enlarges the blur.
- Avoid shake: use the phone's timer or volume-button shutter, or a Bluetooth remote.
- Take many shots. Moments of steadier air give sharper frames; keep the best.
Better results
- Photograph near first or last quarter - shadows along the terminator show the most relief.
- Shoot when the Moon is high, not near the horizon.
- Turn off flash and HDR if the image looks unnatural.
- For more, record a short video and stack the sharpest frames with free software on a computer.
Planets
Jupiter and Saturn are much smaller and dimmer. With a steady adapter and higher magnification, short videos can show Saturn's rings and Jupiter's belts - but expect small images and plenty of practice.
What you will not capture this way
Nebulae and galaxies need long exposures on a tracking mount. That is a separate, more demanding hobby.